As well as STAT2, phosphorylation of another STAT protein called STAT1, was also disrupted in Patient 1 and Patient 2 fibroblasts compared to controls and recovered significantly after transducing the cells with wild-type STAT2 (Fig. 6A and B), confirming disturbance of the IFNα pathway and explaining the susceptibility to viral infection in these patients. Here, STAT1 is linked to viral infectious disease.