Before HIV-1 infection, we found a 60% decrease in IRF7 expression (Fig 5A), which was associated with decreased expression of the RIG-1/IRF7 specific downstream target IFNα in IRF7siRNA treated compared with rsiRNA treated tissues through day 3 (Fig 5B, 5D and 5G). The gene discussed is PLAAT4; the disease is HIV-1 infection.