As with immunosuppressive regimens, many of these immunomodulatory medications, such as NAT, a new addition to the armamentarium for treating MS, may also have the unintended consequence of favouring the development of microbial infections [23,28]: recurrent microbial urinary and respiratory tract infections were reported in our MS patients, mainly in those treated with immunosuppressive therapy. This evidence concerns the gene BRD2 and myeloid sarcoma.