TNF and Hypertension: TNF-α on the other hand has been shown to be involved in the hypertensive response, but a study by Sriramula et al provided evidence that the role of TNF-α in hypertension is likely localized to the brain RAS by using intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of the TNF-α inhibitor etanercept in AngII treated mice [22].