SOCS3 and hepatitis A virus infection: Furthermore, using mice in which c-jun N-terminal protein kinase 1 (Jnk1) was ablated in adipose tissue, Sabio et al. suggested that adipose tissue secretes increased amounts of IL-6 in a JNK1-dependent manner and causes hepatic SOCS-3 production, leading to hepatic IR in mice fed with a high fat diet [31].