Levels of the inflammatory cytokines IL-17 and IL-6 were also measured for HNSCC patients that were treated with 1,25(OH)2D3 to determine if the treatment, which had previously been shown to result in intratumoral immune infiltration [26,35,36,37], also modulated levels of inflammatory cytokines. Here, IL17A is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.