A more prominent association was found between copeptin level and mortality after hemorrhagic stroke (aOR 2.16; 95% CI 1.51–3.09; I2 = 95%), ischemic stroke (aOR 3.47; 95% CI 2.38–5.04; I2 = 23%), and all types of stroke (aOR 2.66; 95% CI 1.93–3.65; I2 = 93%) (Fig. 3). Here, AVP is linked to hemorrhagic stroke.