Increased miR-21 expression enhances the invasive potential of melanoma cell lines through TIMP3 inhibition by (1) increasing matrix metalloproteinase activity [80], (2) by stimulating angiogenesis via TIMP3-mediated blockade of VEGF binding to VEGFR2 [80], and (3) by attenuating TIMP3-mediated apoptosis. The gene discussed is TIMP3; the disease is melanoma.