Microsomal PGE synthase-1 (mPGES-1), known to be induced in inflammatory as well as tumour cells by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), contributes in a critical way to tumour progression (Jakobsson et al. 1999, van Rees et al. 2003, Takeda et al. 2004, Kamei et al. 2009, Xu et al. 2012, Sha et al. 2013, Takahashi et al. 2014). Here, TNF is linked to neoplasm.