These results are consistent with a previous report in which the Akt inhibitors LY294002 and wortmannin enhanced the gemcitabine effect in pancreatic cancer.42 Similarly, the Akt inhibitor MK-2206 has been shown to sensitize lung cancer cells to gemcitabine.43 Our results showed that zidovudine inhibited Akt phosphorylation in only gemcitabine-resistant cells, suggesting that zidovudine may specifically inhibit the activated pathway that phosphorylates Akt in PK1-GR cells. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and pancreatic neoplasm.