BCR and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive: CML monitoring presently relies on i) bone marrow cytogenetics in the first 12 to 18 months; ii) continuous measurement of BCR-ABL1 transcripts by RQ-PCR assays, and iii) testing for BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations in selected cases.