Early during infection (i.e., d3 p.i.), obesity was again associated with reduced production of cytokines IL-13, IL-5, IL-12p70, IFNγ, TNFα, IL6, and IL-1β, as well as IL-28b (IFNλ), IL-17, and IL-15. This evidence concerns the gene IL5 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.