Researchers found that by examining the level of DD3PCA3 in 201 urine samples, the overall sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values for detecting prostate cancer were 82%, 76%, 67% and 87%, respectively, compared with the values for urinary PSA of 98%, 5%, 40% and 83%, respectively [24]. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and Familial prostate cancer.