Comparedwith the alcoholism group, the numbers of BDNF-positive cells in the granular celllayer of the DG and in the pyramidal cell layer of the CA1, CA3 and CA4 regions weresignificantly increased in the high-dose drug treatment group (P<0.05).Furthermore, compared with the alcoholism group, the numbers of BDNF-positive cellsin the granular cell layer of the DG and in the pyramidal cell layer of the CA1, CA3and CA4 regions were increased in the high-dose drug treatment group, but only theCA4 region showed a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is alcohol dependence.