ABL1 and Parkinson disease: Previous studies also have implicated active c-Abl in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including in ALS (Katsumata et al., 2012), Alzheimer’s disease (Alvarez et al., 2004; Cancino et al., 2008; Estrada et al., 2011; Gonzalez-Zuñiga et al., 2014), and Parkinson’s disease (Ko et al., 2010; Imam et al., 2011, 2013).