Inherited mutations in ANKRD26 [10,45], which is transcriptionally regulated by RUNX1 lead to a similar clinical phenotype, in which thrombocytopenia is often associated with AML and in some cases, with chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome [38]. The gene discussed is RUNX1; the disease is myelodysplastic syndrome.