Third, other inflammatory factors (such as CRP, IL-6, E-selectin, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and PAI-1) that are known to be related to cardiovascular risk were not measured, which may have led to a lack of explanatory power of the role of C-peptide as an atypical inflammatory marker of CAD. This evidence concerns the gene VCAM1 and coronary artery disorder.