SERPINF1 and neoplasm: For example, increased expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) have been reported to induce metastasis and OS development (5–7), the major angiogenic factors, VEGF165 and VEGF189, may be critical for neovascularisation in OS (8), and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) not only induces apoptotic cell death in OS cells, but also suppress the expression of VEGF, resulting in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis (9).