In the kidney, GSK3 inhibition has been associated with EMT in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in vivo and renal epithelial cells in vitro by increasing TGF-β1-induced β-catenin and Snail accumulation (Lan et al., 2014; Noh et al., 2012; Yoshino et al., 2007; Zhou et al., 2004). This evidence concerns the gene SNAI1 and Ureteral obstruction.