The survival rate of the tomoregulin-1-knockdown mice with TAC (n=21) was significantly reduced by 13.3%, 15.2%, 6.7% and 1.9%, respectively, at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the TAC operation (P<0.001) compared to the NTG mice with TAC (n=35), whereas the survival rate of the tomoregulin-1-overexpression mice with TAC (n=39) was significantly increased by 5.7%, 3.4%, 6.9% and 16.0%, respectively, at 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after the TAC operation (P<0.001) compared to the NTG mice with TAC (n=35) (Fig. 4). The gene discussed is TMEFF1; the disease is persistent truncus arteriosus.