We also observed that NAT2 slow acetylator and malnutrition were independent risk factors for INH-induced hepatitis both in males and females, consistent with previous reports.6,38 Malnutrition has been reported to reduce the activity of hepatic glutathione S-transferase and increase vulnerability to oxidative injury,39 leading to increased risk of INH-induced hepatotoxicity in TB patients. This evidence concerns the gene HPGDS and hepatitis A virus infection.