One reason for this is that activation of FGFR3 signaling enhances proliferation in most cell types—including fibroblasts, keratinocytes, melanocytes, epithelial cells, lymphocytes and spermatocytes—and consequently lead to cancer [51]; as such, the loss-of-function phenotype of FGFR3—which positively regulates cartilage development and may be responsible for cartilaginous tumorigenesis—may have been previously overlooked. The gene discussed is FGFR3; the disease is cancer.