MDM2 and systemic lupus erythematosus: Gasparini et al. showed that MDM2 can modulate dendritic cell-induced T cell proliferation [25] and Mulay et al. proved that MDM2 was required to induce mRNA expression and secretion of NF-κB-dependent cytokines upon Toll-like receptor stimulation [26], which were important processes in SLE pathogenesis.