Additionally, a number of recent studies indicated that the novel H. pylori factors jhp0562 and β-(1,3)galT are associated with peptic ulcer diseases [10, 11]. Jhp0562 encodes a glycosyltransferase involved in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS); β-(1,3)galT shares a high level of sequence similarity with jhp0562 and is involved in the Lewis (Le) antigen expression of LPS. The gene discussed is PPIB; the disease is peptic ulcer disease.