The mechanisms of PTP inhibition in cancer cells are expertly summarized in two recent reviews by the Pinton and Bernardi groups: cancer cells down regulate PTP inducers (i.e., ROS and calcium), alter expression of chaperones that regulate PTP opening, desensitize the channel through kinase signaling pathways (GSK-3 and hexokinase II), leading to reduced mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation regimes characterized by high ATP/ADP ratios, low-inorganic phosphate, and high-ROS levels (74, 78). This evidence concerns the gene SLC25A3 and cancer.