ILC subsets strongly express Nfil3. Deletion of Nfil3 genes adversely affects development of all subsets, so that Nfil3-/- knockout mice show increased susceptibility to infection or pro-inflammatory agents confirming the importance of the role of Nfil3 in development of ILC subsets upon which the gut depends for protective immunity (59), especially against intestinal pathogens (60). This evidence concerns the gene NFIL3 and infection.