We and others have demonstrated diminished β-cell SERCA2b levels in human and rodent models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes,1, 20, 21 with alterations in SERCA2b expression leading to impaired Ca2+ homeostasis and insulin secretion, activation of ER stress signaling pathways and altered β-cell survival.3, 5, 7, 8 Ilham and co-workers22 previously descrbed a role for proinflammatory cytokines and induction of the NF-κB-dependent gene, iNOS, in the loss of β-cell SERCA2b mRNA and protein expression. Here, INS is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.