In our study, only 12 (25.5%) patients out of 47 had a neutropenia (neutrophils <2.0×109 cells/L) and none of these had agranulocytosis, but 44 penicilliosis patients (44/47, 93.6%) had a CD4+ T-cell count ≤50 cells/μL, suggesting that penicilliosis patients often have severe cellular immune dysfunction but uncommonly present with agranulocytosis. Here, CD4 is linked to neutropenia.