To assess a potential impact of CV9103 on the clinical course of prostate carcinoma patients, PSA progression-free survival (PSA-PFS; interval from the first vaccination to PSA progression according to Prostate Cancer Working Group 2 [PCWG2] criteria) was measured in 38 patients at 1280 μg CV9103. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and Familial prostate cancer.