EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: TKIs targeting a mutant EGFR and mAbs binding to the extracellular domain of EGFR have shown significant benefit in the clinic, but their efficacy depends on the mutations of EGFR in the tyrosine kinase region and wild-type V-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) in the EGFR signaling pathway, respectively, which have become established predictive markers for the stratification of NSCLC and mCRC patients for targeted treatment [2, 3].