H2S increases the nuclear localization of NF-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor that regulates the gene expression of a number of antioxidants (including heme oxygenase-1 and thioredoxin 1) during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and renal interstitial fibrosis in diabetic rats [53, 54]. The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is myocardial ischemia.