In this study, we found that low-grade (stage IA and IB) primary lung cancers showed high levels of membranous E-cadherin and membranous β-catenin, whereas moderate-grade (stage IIA and IIB) cancers showed low-to-moderate levels of nuclear β-catenin and high-to-moderate levels of nuclear E-cadherin. Here, CDH1 is linked to cancer.