MUC5AC and Insulin resistance: The mucin-degrading R. torques has been shown to be more abundant in the gut microbiota of patients with inflammatory bowel disease28 and in individuals with low microbiome gene richness.5 It is possible that the positive association with insulin resistance identified for R. torques can be explained by a harmful effect of this bacterium on the gut barrier, leading to metabolic endotoxaemia.34