In fact, we observed that sitagliptin induced an increase in the levels of renal GLP-1 and its colocalization with GLP-1R in kidney tissue of diabetic ZDF rats, suggesting that GLP-1 may exert cytoprotective effects as we found an improvement of renal lesions, including glomerular, tubulointerstitial, and vascular lesions [252], as well as prevention of inflammation and apoptosis induced by diabetes [258]. This evidence concerns the gene GLP1R and diabetes mellitus.