SOD1 and X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy: This is mainly based on the facts that (i) X-ALD plasma has increased levels of TBARS, carbonyls, and GSSG/GSH ratios (Vargas et al., 2004; Petrillo et al., 2013), (ii) X-ALD red blood cells display increased GPX activity (Vargas et al., 2004), and (iii) cultured X-ALD fibroblasts contain increased levels of modified lysine residues (and especially N1-carboxyethyl-lysine and N1-malondialdehyde-lysine) (Fourcade et al., 2008), elevated catalase and SOD activities (Vargas et al., 2004), and a higher sensitivity to L-buthionine-sulfoximine, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis (Fourcade et al., 2008).