How then does one assimilate studies which link IL-6, cardiac fibrosis and arrhythmias with the seemingly opposing literature which links IL-6 (either alone or in combination with increases in IL-8 and IL-10) to a host of cardiovascular benefits including enhanced insulin sensitivity, lipolysis and reduced basal inflammatory states [5, 16, 31]? Here, IL6 is linked to cardiac arrhythmia.