Considering that ROCK1/RhoA and Cav-1 may play an important role in initiating the cancer, in the present study, we performed a hospital-based case–control study and selected and genotyped 9 tagging SNPs (tSNP) located in the functional regions of these genes to investigate the association of genetic polymorphisms of ROCK1/RhoA and Cav-1 with ccRCC risk in Chinese population. This evidence concerns the gene RHOA and cancer.