ADIPOQ and diabetic kidney disease: The discrepancy between beneficial effects of adiponectin, observed mainly in early diabetic nephropathy, and association of adiponectin with negative prognosis in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with more advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) is generally explained by the confounding effect of inflammation of CKD and dialysis which at the same time impacts on prognosis and triggers increased adiponectin synthesis [10, 11].