BCL2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: There are three types of Bcl-2 proteins: prosurvival, proapoptotic Bcl-2 homology 3- (BH3-) only proteins and downstream multidomain proapoptotic effectors [12, 14]. In vitro studies have demonstrated that exposure to conditions observed in type 2 diabetes (i.e., high concentrations of saturated FFAs or glucose) causes an imbalance between proapoptotic and prosurvival Bcl-2 proteins in β-cells leading to apoptosis [14–16].