NFKB1 and gastric cancer: NF-κB is one of the major transcription factors that regulates inflammation and is constitutively activated in some gastric cancers [50]. H. pylori activates NF-κB in the gastric mucosa via cagPAI-dependent and cagPAI-independent pathways. H. pylori cag-positive strains deliver the certain protein into host cells via the cag PAI-encoded type IV secretion system (T4SS) [51–53].