CXCR4 and breast carcinoma: Recently, the specific CXCR4 inhibitor, AMD3465, showed reduction in breast cancer cell invasiveness in vitro, infiltration of myeloid CD11b+ cells at metastatic sites in vivo, and promoted marked changes in oncogenic signalling proteins such as diminished expression of STAT3, JAK2, GSK3, cMYC, and CXCR4 phosphorylation [131].