IFIH1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Several candidate genes for T1D expressed in human islets, such as the RIG-like receptor MDA5 (Colli et al., 2010) and the regulators of type I IFNs PTPN2 and USP18 (Moore et al., 2009; Colli et al., 2010; Santin et al., 2012), modulate viral detection, antiviral activity, and innate immunity.