We used previous microarray and RNA sequencing (RNAseq) analysis made by our group to compare the global gene expression of CVB5-infected human islets, evaluated by microarray analysis 48 hr after viral infection (HV) (Ylipaasto et al., 2005), against the gene expression of human islets exposed to the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β + IFNγ, evaluated either by microarray analysis at 24, 36, or 48 hr (HC1) (Lopes et al., 2014) or by RNAseq at 48 hr (HC2) (Eizirik et al., 2012), focusing the analysis on over-expressed genes (Figure 1). Here, IL1B is linked to viral infectious disease.