In particular, the median number of IFN-γ spots formed by CD8+ TEM cells from all RA patients or HDs in response to the single peptide pool (responsiveness) (Fig 1A) and the sum of IFN-γ spots formed in response to the total peptide repertoire by a single patient or HD (magnitude) (Fig 1B) were significantly higher in RA patients than in HDs. Here, IFNG is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.