Oncogenic mutations in GNAQ and GNA11 result in constitutive activation of these proteins and downstream signalling of pathways such as the YAP pathway [26, 27], the phosphoinositide-3 kinase/AKT [28] and the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK pathway, thus playing a key role in the development and progression of uveal melanomas [23, 24, 29]. The gene discussed is GNA11; the disease is uveal melanoma.