Recently, Matsuzaka et al. also revealed that JNK can phosphorylate Smad2L and then the phosphorylation of Smad2L/C could promote HCC cell migration and invasion by upregulation of PAI-1, MMP-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 [32, 33]. The gene discussed is MMP9; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.