IFNA1 and infection: Recently, (GGGGS)3, which is a flexible and hydrophilic linker, was used to conjugate with CV-N to produce LCV-N; then PEG was used to modify the N-terminus of LCV-N to produce PEGylated LCV-N (PEG-LCV-N); and PEG-LCV-N is effective to control IFN infection in vivo (Wu et al., 2015).