To investigate the role of K+ efflux in V. fluvialis-induced IL-1β production in BMMs, we added KCl to the cell culture medium to block K+ efflux prior to infection with V. fluvialis. KCl almost completely inhibited IL-1β production (Figure 7A), though no effects on TNF levels were observed (Figure 7B). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is infection.