Moreover, both clarithromycin and dexamethasone suppressed Th1 responses by decreasing the expression of Th1 cell chemokines (CXCL10/IP-10 and CXCL9/MIG) and Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-12), but had no effect on IL-17A production, in all phenotypic CRS. This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and congenital rubella syndrome.