AKT1 and neoplasm: In several tumor types, genomic studies have revealed alterations in specific genes or signaling pathways that are highly associated with tumor origins, such as mutations affecting HIF-1 signaling in renal clear cell carcinoma (Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, 2013), in the Wnt signaling pathway in colorectal carcinoma (Cancer Genome Atlas Network, 2012), and, more broadly, in the growth factor receptor-RAS-PIK3CA or–AKT pathways in a variety of cancers including lung adenocarcinoma (Kandoth et al., 2013; Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network, 2014).