In addition, a number of in vitro and transgenic mouse studies have demonstrated that PRKAR1A is an adrenocortical tumor suppressor gene and its inactivation leads to ACTH-independent cortisol secretion (Sahut-Barnola et al., 2010; Almeida and Stratakis, 2011). This evidence concerns the gene PRKAR1A and adrenal cortex neoplasm.